01 - Preheat oven to 375°F. Grease a standard 12-cup muffin tin with olive oil or nonstick spray.
02 - In a large bowl, whisk together flour, sugar, yeast, and salt until well blended.
03 - Add warm water and olive oil to the dry mixture. Stir with a spatula or wooden spoon until a sticky, uniform dough forms.
04 - Fold in chopped rosemary, minced garlic, and black pepper until evenly distributed throughout the dough.
05 - Divide dough equally among muffin cups, filling each about ¾ full. Brush tops with olive oil and sprinkle with additional rosemary and flaky sea salt if desired.
06 - Cover loosely with a clean towel and set in a warm place for 20 minutes until dough puffs slightly.
07 - Bake for 18–20 minutes until tops are golden brown and muffins sound hollow when tapped.
08 - Let cool in the tin for 5 minutes, then transfer to a wire rack. Serve warm or at room temperature.