01 - Preheat the oven to 325°F.
02 - Generously season the lamb shoulder on all sides with kosher salt and freshly ground black pepper.
03 - Heat olive oil in a large Dutch oven over medium-high heat. Sear the lamb shoulder on all sides until deeply browned, approximately 4 to 5 minutes per side. Remove and set aside.
04 - Add sliced onions, minced garlic, carrots, and celery to the pot. Cook, stirring occasionally, until softened, about 5 minutes.
05 - Stir in ground cumin, ground coriander, ground cinnamon, smoked paprika, bay leaves, and fresh thyme sprigs. Cook for 1 minute until aromatic.
06 - Mix in tomato paste well to coat the vegetables evenly.
07 - Pour in chicken or beef broth, pomegranate juice, and pomegranate molasses. Scrape the bottom of the pot to loosen browned bits.
08 - Place the lamb shoulder back into the pot. Cover tightly with a lid or aluminum foil.
09 - Transfer the pot to the preheated oven and braise for 2½ hours, or until the lamb is fork-tender and nearly falling off the bone.
10 - Remove lamb and let rest for 10 minutes. Skim excess fat from the sauce and simmer uncovered to reduce and thicken, if necessary.
11 - Slice or shred the lamb. Serve with the sauce spooned over and garnish with pomegranate seeds and chopped cilantro or parsley.